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(HealthDay)—After adoption of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), there was an increase in the incidence of early-stage breast and colorectal cancer, according to a research letter published online Nov. 2 in JAMA Oncology.

Maxine Sun, Ph.D., M.P.H., from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and colleagues compared age-adjusted incidence rates of early-stage breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer in the first nine months of 2013 (pre-ACA) and the last nine months of 2014 (post-ACA). The authors computed incidence rate ratios (IRRs) to assess for change between pre- and post-ACA.

The researchers found that the incidence of early-stage breast cancer increased from 55.5 to 56.9 cases per 100,000 person-years from pre- to post-ACA, with an IRR of 1.025. A significantly greater difference in IRRs was seen for early stages versus locally advanced/metastatic stages. For early-stage colorectal cancer, the incidence increased from 13.5 to 15.3 cases per 100,000 person-years, with a pre- to post-ACA IRR of 1.132. A significantly greater change in incidence rates was seen for early versus locally advanced/metastatic stages. This pattern was not observed with cervical cancer.

"We found that incidence of early-stage breast and colorectal cancer increased after the adoption of the ACA, whereas it did not vary for late-stage cancer," the authors write. "Although screening itself was not assessed, the trend is consistent with modest but immediate increases in colorectal and breast cancer screening following the ACA."

More information: Abstract/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)

Journal information: JAMA Oncology